Biology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

Which of the following does not help govern intracellular processes?

1. Enzymes

2. Hormones

3. Membrane proteins

4. Nuclear proteins

The correct answer is: Hormones

Enzymes, membrane proteins and nuclear proteins are all types of biomolecular processes that help govern intracellular processes. Enzymes function as catalysts in biochemical reactions, membrane proteins regulate the transport of molecules in and out of cells, and nuclear proteins play roles in cellular functions such as gene regulation and DNA replication. Hormones, on the other hand, are signaling molecules that are secreted by cells and travel through the bloodstream to target cells to regulate various physiological processes. They do not directly govern intracellular processes, but rather act on target cells to initiate intracellular processes. Therefore, hormones do not help govern intracellular processes compared to the other options listed.