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Vertebrates are

  1. Invertebrates

  2. Animals with a backbone

  3. Arthropods

  4. Animals with a chitinous exoskeleton

The correct answer is: Animals with a backbone

Vertebrates are animals that possess a backbone or spine, housing the spinal cord. This backbone provides structural support and allows for movement in these animals. Invertebrates, on the other hand, do not possess a backbone and are typically smaller and simpler organisms. Arthropods and animals with a chitinous exoskeleton are both examples of invertebrates, but they do not have a backbone like vertebrates do. Therefore, options A, C, and D are all incorrect in describing vertebrates.