Biology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

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Genes can be transcribed and translated by:

  1. Ribosomes

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Vacuoles

  4. Plastids

The correct answer is: Ribosomes

Genes contain the instructions for making proteins, and these instructions must be decoded by translating the genetic code into a protein sequence. This process occurs in two main steps transcription, which involves copying the genetic code from DNA into RNA, and translation, which uses the RNA code to assemble amino acids into proteins. Ribosomes are specialized cellular structures that are responsible for carrying out translation and are therefore the correct answer to this question. Choice B, mitochondria, are organelles responsible for producing energy for the cell through cellular respiration. They do not play a role in gene transcription or translation. Choice C, vacuoles, are primarily responsible for storage and digestion within the cell, and do not play a role in gene transcription or translation. Choice D, plastids, are specialized organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for processes such as photosynthesis. While they do have their own genetic

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